{"id":5142,"date":"2020-10-10T11:29:31","date_gmt":"2020-10-10T11:29:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/?page_id=5142"},"modified":"2023-01-19T11:56:58","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T11:56:58","slug":"obsluga-techniczna-part-145","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/","title":{"rendered":"Technical maintenance (PART 145)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aircraft maintenance is that part of the process of aircraft technical activity which is conducted on aircraft whilst it remains in the\u00a0line maintenance\u00a0or base maintenance environment. Aircraft maintenance is intended to keep the aircraft in a state which will or has enabled a certificate of release to service to be issued. A hangar environment may be available but is often not necessary. The reasons for carrying out maintenance are neatly summarised by [Lam 2002]:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aircraft safety \u2013 airworthiness at its heart<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Keep aircraft in service \u2013 availability, which is of key importance to an operator i.e. the aircraft can meet its schedule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Maximise value of asset (airframe, engines and components) \u2013 of prime importance to the owner or lessor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Maintenance will consist of a mixture of preventive and corrective work, including\u00a0<i><b>precautionary work<\/b><\/i>\u00a0to ensure that there have been no undetected chance failures. There will be\u00a0<i><b>inspection<\/b><\/i>\u00a0to monitor the progress of wear out processes, in addition to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Scheduled or preventive work to anticipate and prevent failures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Unscheduled work \u2013 Repair maintenance and On-condition maintenance<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In general terms, for preventive work to be worthwhile, two conditions should be met:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The item must be restored to its original reliability after maintenance action, and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The cost of maintenance action must be less than the failure it is intended to prevent.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span id=\"Light_or_Line_Maintenance\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Light or Line Maintenance<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">This would typically include Pre-flight checks, daily checks (before first flight) fluids, failure rectification as well as minor, scheduled maintenance tasks as follows. According to EASA Part 145, AMC 145.A.10, line maintenance should be understood as\u00a0<i>\u201cany maintenance that is carried out before flight to ensure that the aircraft is fit for the intended flight.\u201d<\/i>\u00a0This may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trouble shooting<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Defect rectification<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Component replacement, up to and including engines and propellers, with use of external test equipment if required<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Scheduled maintenance and\/or checks including visual inspections that will detect obvious failures but do not require extensive in depth inspection. It may also include internal structure, systems and powerplant items which are visible through quick opening access panels\/doors<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Minor repairs and modifications which do not require extensive disassembly and can be accomplished by simple means<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">EASA Part 145, AMC 145.A.10 also explains that\u00a0<i>\u201cfor temporary or occasional cases (ADs, SBs) the Quality Manager may accept base maintenance tasks to be performed by a line maintenance organisation provided all requirements are fulfilled as defined by the competent authority\u201d<\/i>. It is also noted that\u00a0<i>\u201cMaintenance tasks falling outside these criteria are considered to be Base Maintenance\u201d<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Base_or_Heavy_Maintenance\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Base or Heavy Maintenance<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Base maintenance may be referred to as heavy (or depth) maintenance, and consists of tasks that are generally more in-depth and long-lasting than those above, but are performed less frequently. An MRO (maintenance, repair and overhaul) company will have to have large facilities and specialised equipment and staff to undertake base maintenance, and many operators\u00a0<b>contract-out<\/b>\u00a0this function. The different activities may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C and D Checks (block checks see\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Maintenance Programme\" href=\"https:\/\/www.skybrary.aero\/index.php\/Maintenance_Programme\">Maintenance Programme<\/a>) which will check for deterioration of the airframe, engines and systems, e.g. corrosion, fatigue<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Removal of defects \u2013 implementation of Service Bulletins (SB) and Airworthiness Directives (AD), although this can also be done during Line maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Technology upgrade \u2013 fitting of\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Terrain Avoidance and Warning System (TAWS)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.skybrary.aero\/index.php\/Terrain_Avoidance_and_Warning_System_(TAWS)\">Terrain Avoidance and Warning System (TAWS)<\/a>,\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.skybrary.aero\/index.php\/Airborne_Collision_Avoidance_System_(ACAS)\">Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS)<\/a>\u00a0etc<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cabin reconfiguration, painting etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Shop_or_Component_Maintenance\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Shop or Component Maintenance<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The third form of maintenance can be termed as \u201cWorkshop\u201d or just Shop maintenance. This covers maintenance on components when removed from aircraft e.g. engines, APU, seats. Sometimes this is carried out within the same organisation as the Base Maintenance, but sometimes special companies carry out this work separately.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Maintenance_Intervals\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Maintenance Intervals<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The intervals of maintenance are parameters set within the Approved Maintenance Schedule (AMS), which is in turn based on the Maintenance Planning Document (MPD). These will be set according to different criteria, mostly depending on how well damage can be detected and failure predicted [CAA, 2017]:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Hard_time\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Hard time<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8220;Preventative process in which known deterioration of an Item is limited to an acceptable level by the maintenance actions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Carried out at periods related to time in service (e.g. calendar time, number of cycles, number of landings).&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"On-condition\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">On-condition<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u201cPreventative process in which Item are inspected or tested, at specified periods, to an appropriate standard to determine whether it can continue in service<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Such an inspection \/ test may reveal a need for maintenance action.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fundamental purpose of On-Condition is to remove an Item before its failure in service.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Condition_monitoring\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Condition monitoring<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u201cInformation on Items gained from monitoring is collected, analysed and interpreted on a continuing basis as a means deciding whether or not to implement corrective procedures.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">This process is normally automated and may form part of the aircraft\u2019s on-board health management system.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Units_for_Maintenance_Intervals\" class=\"mw-headline\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Units for Maintenance Intervals<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Flight Hours (FH), for items that are in constant operation e.g. Fuel Pumps, Electric Generators<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Flight Cycles (FC), for items operated once or twice per flight e.g. Landing gear, air starter, brakes, hull pressurisations<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Calendar Time (Cal), for items exposed whether operated or not e.g. Fire Extinguishers, Corrosion to Structure<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Operating hours, for items not operated every flight, or otherwise independent of FH or FC e.g. APU operation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aircraft maintenance is that part of the process of aircraft technical activity which is conducted on aircraft whilst it remains[&#8230;..]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":936,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-fullwidth-with-form.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5142","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Technical maintenance (PART 145) - Helipoland.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Technical maintenance (PART 145) - Helipoland.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aircraft maintenance is that part of the process of aircraft technical activity which is conducted on aircraft whilst it remains[.....]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Helipoland.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-19T11:56:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/\",\"name\":\"Technical maintenance (PART 145) - Helipoland.com\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-10-10T11:29:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-01-19T11:56:58+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Helipoland.com\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Technika lotnicza\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Obs\u0142uga techniczna (Organizacja PART 145)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Helipoland.com\",\"description\":\"Helicopter flights, flying school, air services, helicopters\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Technical maintenance (PART 145) - Helipoland.com","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Technical maintenance (PART 145) - Helipoland.com","og_description":"Aircraft maintenance is that part of the process of aircraft technical activity which is conducted on aircraft whilst it remains[.....]","og_url":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/","og_site_name":"Helipoland.com","article_modified_time":"2023-01-19T11:56:58+00:00","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/","url":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/","name":"Technical maintenance (PART 145) - Helipoland.com","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-10-10T11:29:31+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-19T11:56:58+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/obsluga-techniczna-part-145\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Helipoland.com","item":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Technika lotnicza","item":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/technika-lotnicza\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Obs\u0142uga techniczna (Organizacja PART 145)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/","name":"Helipoland.com","description":"Helicopter flights, flying school, air services, helicopters","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5142"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5799,"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5142\/revisions\/5799"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/helipoland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}